棉用无醛阻燃剂的合成及其整理工艺

以亚磷酸和乙二醇为反应原料合成了一种羟基磷酸酯型低聚物阻燃剂.该阻燃剂与交联剂丁烷四羧酸和催化剂次亚磷酸钠构成了阻燃整理体系,用于织物整理,得到无甲醛耐久阻燃整理棉织物,合成和应用时不需要特殊的工艺和设备.探讨了阻燃剂用量,交联剂用量,焙烘温度,焙烘时间对阻燃效果的影响.对整理织物的热解质量分析结果表明,该阻燃剂可大大降低棉织物的热裂解温度,阻燃效果具有一定的耐久性,可满足多领域对纺织品的阻燃要求.得到纯棉织物最佳整理工艺:阻燃剂用量400 g/L,交联剂用量80 g/L,焙烘温度180℃,焙烘时间3 min.整理后织物的损毁长度为123 mm,具有较好的阻燃性和耐久性.     

Moisture sorption of a three‐dimensional braided carbon fiber–epoxy composite under different media

A three‐dimensional braided carbon fiber–epoxy (C_3D/EP) composite was prepared by the vacuum‐assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) technique. Its moisture absorption behavior under different media was characterized and compared with a unidirectional composite. Similar to the unidirectional composite, diffusion in the 3D composite obeys Fick's second law of diffusion when immersed in distilled water and phosphate‐buffered saline. In HCl and NaOH solutions, no Fickian behavior was observed. The similarity between the unidirectional and 3D composites suggests that fiber structure does not change diffusion pattern. However, the two composites showed different diffusion parameters (k, D, and M_e) in each medium studied. The 3D composite showed lower k, D, and M_e values because of its stronger hindrance effect to transport of moisture molecules. Diffusion in PBS is slower than that in distilled water because of the presence of heavy ions, but the diffusion pattern remains unchanged. In HCl, the diffusion behavior of the two composites cannot be described by Fick's law. In addition, the k value calculated from the initial linear part of the moisture sorption curve is much lower than that in distilled water. Diffusion in NaOH is unusual; the uptake initially increases rather rapidly but quickly drops, which is likely caused by the extensive solubility of the polymer matrix. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 97: 507–512, 2005     

快速卷积算法的综述研究

卷积神经网络是深度学习算法应用最广泛的方向之一,目前卷积神经网络的应用不仅仅是停留在科技领域,已经扩展到医学、军事等领域,并且已在相关领域发挥着巨大的作用。卷积是卷积神经网络中最为核心的一部分,卷积运算占整个网络70%以上的时间,所以针对卷积运算的加速研究就显得十分重要。首先介绍近年来的卷积算法,并对其复杂度进行分析,总结了这些算法各自的优点和不足,最后对其理论研究和应用领域可能存在的突破进行了探讨和展望。     

纬编与经编织物线圈建模与仿真分析

分别探讨了纬编线圈和经编闭口线圈的结构,建立了相应的数学模型,在VC++平台下进行仿真分析,并在此基础上设计出较为复杂的织物效果。综合阐述了纬编和经编线圈的建模原理,为织物生产设计及进一步仿真提供了思路。实验表明:建立的模型曲线平滑,能形象地表达线圈的真实客观形态。     

纯棉针织物果胶酶精练工艺优化及效果分析

利用KDN果胶酶,采用田口实验设计的方法,控制酶浓度、温度、pH值和时间,分别处理纯棉纬编针织物,通过测试处理后织物的白度、毛细效应、顶破强力、质量损失等性能,分析果胶酶处理织物的效果.结果表明纯棉纬编钟织物经果胶酶处理后毛细效应得到很大改善,白度增加,但织物顶破强力下降,质量减轻.综合各项指标,通过统计分析得出KDN果胶酶最优处理工艺如下：酶质量浓度1.5 g/L,温度50℃,pH值为6,时间40 min.与碱精练相比,毛细效应变好,白度稍差,织物强力及质量损失小.     

麻赛尔/涤纶交织针织物服用性能的研究

根据麻赛尔纱线的特点,利用其与涤纶交织开发针织面料,对麻赛尔/涤纶交织针织物的透气性、透湿性、水洗尺寸变化、起毛起球性、硬挺度以及顶破强力进行了测试和分析,并利用模糊综合评价系统对3种试样的服用性能作了综合评价,结果显示麻赛尔与涤纶合理地进行交织时具有较好的服用性能.     

Thermally Responsive Fibers for Versatile Thermoactivated Protective Fabrics

Smart textiles with good mechanical adaptability play an important role in personal protection, health monitoring, and aerospace applications. However, most of the reported thermally responsive polymers has long response time and poor processability, comfort, and wearability. Skin-core structures of thermally responsive fibers with multiple commercial fiber cores and temperature-responsive hydrogel skins are designed and fabricated, which exhibit rapid mechanical adaptability, good thermohardening, and thermal insulation. This universal method enables tight bonding between various commercial fiber cores and hydrogel skins via specific covalently anchored networks. At room temperature, prepared fibers show softness, flexibility, and skin compatibility similar to those of ordinary fibers. As temperature rises, smart fibers become hard, rigid, and self-supporting. The modulus of hydrogel skin increases from 304% to 30883%, showing good mechanoadaptability and impact resistance owing to the synergy between hydrophobic interactions and ionic bonding. Moreover, this synergistic effect leads to an increase in heat absorption, and fibers exhibit good thermal insulation, which reduces the contact temperature of the body surface by ≈25 °C under the external temperature of 95 °C, effectively preventing thermal burns. Notably, the active mechanoadaptability of these smart fibers using conductive fibers as cores is demonstrated. This study provides feasibility for fabricating environmentally adaptive intelligent textiles.     

MXene Functionalized,Highly Breathable and Sensitive Pressure Sensors with Multi-Layered Porous Structure

Breathable, flexible, and highly sensitive pressure sensors have drawn increasing attention due to their potential in wearable electronics for body-motion monitoring, human-machine interfaces, etc. However, current pressure sensors are usually assembled with polymer substrates or encapsulation layers, thus causing discomfort during wearing (i.e., low air/vapor permeability, mechanical mismatch) and restricting their applications. A breathable and flexible pressure sensor is reported with nonwoven fabrics as both the electrode (printed with MXene interdigitated electrode) and sensing (coated with MXene/silver nanowires) layers via a scalable screen-printing approach. Benefiting from the multi-layered porous structure, the sensor demonstrates good air permeability with high sensitivity (770.86–1434.89 kPa⁻¹), a wide sensing range (0–100 kPa), fast response/recovery time (70/81 ms), and low detection limit (≈1 Pa). Particularly, this sensor can detect full-scale human motion (i.e., small-scale pulse beating and large-scale walking/running) with high sensitivity, excellent cycling stability, and puncture resistance. Additionally, the sensing layer of the pressure sensor also displays superior sensitivity to humidity changes, which is verified by successfully monitoring human breathing and spoken words while wearing a sensor-embedded mask. Given the outstanding features, this breathable sensor shows promise in the wearable electronic field for body health monitoring, sports activity detection, and disease diagnosis.